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A Shanks (a,b)-chain is a sequence of primes p_i of the form p_(i+1)=ap_i^2-b, with a and b integers. On Sep. 1, 2000, P. Leyland found a (4, 17)-chain of length 6, and on ...

The shear matrix e_(ij)^s is obtained from the identity matrix by inserting s at (i,j), e.g., e_(12)^s=[1 s 0; 0 1 0; 0 0 1]. (1) Bolt and Hobbs (1998) define a shear matrix ...

A link L is said to be splittable if a plane can be embedded in R^3 such that the plane separates one or more components of L from other components of L and the plane is ...

The square antiprism is the antiprism with square bases whose dual is the tetragonal trapezohedron. The square antiprism has 10 faces. The square antiprism with unit edge ...

A surface in 3-space can be parameterized by two variables (or coordinates) u and v such that x = x(u,v) (1) y = y(u,v) (2) z = z(u,v). (3) If a surface is parameterized as ...

Coordinates useful for plotting projective three-dimensional curves of the form f(x_0,x_1,x_2,x_3)=0 which are defined by x_0 = 1-z-sqrt(2)x (1) x_1 = 1-z+sqrt(2)x (2) x_2 = ...

In Season 4 episode "Black Swan" of the television crime drama NUMB3RS, the character Amita Ramanujan refers to universality classes when studying a map of the Los Angeles ...

A horizontal line placed above multiple quantities to indicate that they form a unit. It is most commonly used to denote 1. A radical (sqrt(12345)), 2. Repeating decimals ...

There are certain optimization problems that become unmanageable using combinatorial methods as the number of objects becomes large. A typical example is the traveling ...

The reciprocal of the arithmetic-geometric mean of 1 and sqrt(2), G = 2/piint_0^11/(sqrt(1-x^4))dx (1) = 2/piint_0^(pi/2)(dtheta)/(sqrt(1+sin^2theta)) (2) = L/pi (3) = ...