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A semiring is a set together with two binary operators S(+,*) satisfying the following conditions: 1. Additive associativity: For all a,b,c in S, (a+b)+c=a+(b+c), 2. Additive ...

P_y(nu)=lim_(T->infty)2/T|int_(-T/2)^(T/2)[y(t)-y^_]e^(-2piinut)dt|^2, (1) so int_0^inftyP_y(nu)dnu = lim_(T->infty)1/Tint_(-T/2)^(T/2)[y(t)-y^_]^2dt (2) = <(y-y^_)^2> (3) = ...

By the definition of the trigonometric functions, cos0 = 1 (1) cot0 = infty (2) csc0 = infty (3) sec0 = 1 (4) sin0 = 0 (5) tan0 = 0. (6)

Let S be a nonempty set, then an ultrafilter on S is a nonempty collection F of subsets of S having the following properties: 1. emptyset not in F. 2. If A,B in F, then A ...

A multiplication table is an array showing the result of applying a binary operator to elements of a given set S. For example, the following table is the multiplication table ...

Let A and B be any sets, and let |X| be the cardinal number of a set X. Then cardinal exponentiation is defined by |A|^(|B|)=|set of all functions from B into A| (Ciesielski ...

The problem of finding the number of different ways in which a product of n different ordered factors can be calculated by pairs (i.e., the number of binary bracketings of n ...

Let P be the principal (initial investment), r be the annual compounded rate, i^((n)) the "nominal rate," n be the number of times interest is compounded per year (i.e., the ...

The edge count of a graph g, commonly denoted M(g) or E(g) and sometimes also called the edge number, is the number of edges in g. In other words, it is the cardinality of ...

The Hadwiger conjecture is a generalization of the four-color theorem which states that for any loopless graph G with h(G) the Hadwiger number and chi(G) the chromatic ...