Search Results for ""

In general, a graph product of two graphs G and H is a new graph whose vertex set is V(G)×V(H) and where, for any two vertices (g,h) and (g^',h^') in the product, the ...

A Hilbert basis for the vector space of square summable sequences (a_n)=a_1, a_2, ... is given by the standard basis e_i, where e_i=delta_(in), with delta_(in) the Kronecker ...

A polynomial that represents integers for all integer values of the variables. An integer polynomial is a special case of such a polynomial. In general, every integer ...

An irreducible fraction is a fraction p/q for which GCD(p,q)=1, i.e., p and q are relatively prime. For example, in the complex plane, (4+7i)/(2+i)=3+2i is reducible, while ...

The Johnson midpoint is the point of concurrence of the line segments joining the vertices of a reference triangle with the centers of a certain set of circles (that resemble ...

Jung's theorem states that the generalized diameter D of a compact set X in R^n satisfies D>=Rsqrt((2(n+1))/n), where R is the circumradius of X (Danzer et al. 1963). This ...

The (n+1)×(n+1) tridiagonal matrix (also called the Clement matrix) defined by S_n=[0 n 0 0 ... 0; 1 0 n-1 0 ... 0; 0 2 0 n-2 ... 0; | | ... ... ... |; 0 0 0 n-1 0 1; 0 0 0 0 ...

Levenberg-Marquardt is a popular alternative to the Gauss-Newton method of finding the minimum of a function F(x) that is a sum of squares of nonlinear functions, ...

F_k[P_N(k)](x)=F_k[exp(-N|k|^beta)](x), where F is the Fourier transform of the probability P_N(k) for N-step addition of random variables. Lévy showed that beta in (0,2) for ...

Let each sphere in a sphere packing expand uniformly until it touches its neighbors on flat faces. Call the resulting polyhedron the local cell. Then the local density is ...