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An aperiodic tiling is a non-periodic tiling in which arbitrarily large periodic patches do not occur. A set of tiles is said to be aperiodic if they can form only ...

The Behrmann cylindrical equal-area projection is a cylindrical equal-area projection with a standard parallel of phi_s=30 degrees.

Birthday attacks are a class of brute-force techniques used in an attempt to solve a class of cryptographic hash function problems. These methods take advantage of functions ...

There are two types of bordism groups: bordism groups, also called cobordism groups or cobordism rings, and there are singular bordism groups. The bordism groups give a ...

A canonical labeling, also called a canonical form, of a graph G is a graph G^' which is isomorphic to G and which represents the whole isomorphism class of G (Piperno 2011). ...

For any sets A and B, their cardinal numbers satisfy |A|<=|B| iff there is a one-to-one function f from A into B (Rubin 1967, p. 266; Suppes 1972, pp. 94 and 116). It is easy ...

A chamfered dodecahedron, inaccurately called a truncated rhombic triacontahedron or more accurately called a pentatruncated rhombic triacontahedron, is a polyhedron obtained ...

The subset C of the Euclidean plane formed by the union of the x-axis, the line segment with interval [0,1] of the y-axis, and the sequence of segments with endpoints (1/n,0) ...

A complex manifold is a manifold M whose coordinate charts are open subsets of C^n and the transition functions between charts are holomorphic functions. Naturally, a complex ...

The computational paradigm is a term introduced by Wolfram (2002, 2021) to describe the idea of using simple programs rather than mathematical equations (the latter of which ...