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The term "Cartesian" is used to refer to anything that derives from René Descartes' conception of geometry (1637), which is based on the representation of points in the plane ...

A condition in numerical equation solving which states that, given a space discretization, a time step bigger than some computable quantity should not be taken. The condition ...

A method for numerical solution of a second-order ordinary differential equation y^('')=f(x,y) first expounded by Gauss. It proceeds by introducing a function delta^(-2)f ...

A particular solution to a differential equation corresponding to a specific value of the equation's free parameters. For example, the integral curves of the differential ...

Given an ordinary differential equation y^'=f(x,y), the slope field for that differential equation is the vector field that takes a point (x,y) to a unit vector with slope ...

A commutative diagram is a collection of maps A_i-->^(phi_i)B_i in which all map compositions starting from the same set A and ending with the same set B give the same ...

An Eisenstein series with half-period ratio tau and index r is defined by G_r(tau)=sum^'_(m=-infty)^inftysum^'_(n=-infty)^infty1/((m+ntau)^r), (1) where the sum sum^(') ...

In a given triangle DeltaABC with all angles less than 120 degrees (2pi/3, the first Fermat point X or F_1 (sometimes simply called "the Fermat point," Torricelli point, or ...

The hyperbolic functions sinhz, coshz, tanhz, cschz, sechz, cothz (hyperbolic sine, hyperbolic cosine, hyperbolic tangent, hyperbolic cosecant, hyperbolic secant, and ...

It is possible to perform multiplication of large numbers in (many) fewer operations than the usual brute-force technique of "long multiplication." As discovered by Karatsuba ...