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A number taken to the power 3 is said to be cubed, so x^3 is called "x cubed." This terminology derives from the fact that the volume of a cube of edge length x is given by ...

In common usage, an ordinal number is an adjective which describes the numerical position of an object, e.g., first, second, third, etc. In formal set theory, an ordinal ...

The quantity twelve (12) is sometimes known as a dozen. It is in turn one twelfth of a gross. Base-12 is known as duodecimal. The Schoolhouse Rock segment "Little Twelvetoes" ...

There are two distinct notions of connectivity in a directed graph. A directed graph is weakly connected if there is an undirected path between any pair of vertices, and ...

The kissing number of a sphere is 12. This led Fejes Tóth (1943) to conjecture that in any unit sphere packing, the volume of any Voronoi cell around any sphere is at least ...

If a function phi:(0,infty)->(0,infty) satisfies 1. ln[phi(x)] is convex, 2. phi(x+1)=xphi(x) for all x>0, and 3. phi(1)=1, then phi(x) is the gamma function Gamma(x). ...

The length of a number n in base b is the number of digits in the base-b numeral for n, given by the formula L(n,b)=|_log_b(n)_|+1, where |_x_| is the floor function. The ...

For a polynomial P(x_1,x_2,...,x_k), the Mahler measure of P is defined by (1) Using Jensen's formula, it can be shown that for P(x)=aproduct_(i=1)^(n)(x-alpha_i), ...

The Latin prefix quadri- is used to indicate the number 4, for example, quadrilateral, quadrant, etc. However, it also very commonly used to denote objects involving the ...

The Laguerre polynomials are solutions L_n(x) to the Laguerre differential equation with nu=0. They are illustrated above for x in [0,1] and n=1, 2, ..., 5, and implemented ...