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The normal vector, often simply called the "normal," to a surface is a vector which is perpendicular to the surface at a given point. When normals are considered on closed ...

A ruled surface M is a normal developable of a curve y if M can be parameterized by x(u,v)=y(u)+vN^^(u), where N is the normal vector (Gray 1993, pp. 352-354; first edition ...

A function f(n) has the normal order F(n) if f(n) is approximately F(n) for almost all values of n. More precisely, if (1-epsilon)F(n)<f(n)<(1+epsilon)F(n) for every positive ...

Let A be a C^*-algebra, then an element a in A is called normal if aa^*=a^*a.

The plane spanned by the normal vector N and the binormal vector B.

The word "normal form" is used in a variety of different ways in mathematics. In general, it refers to a way of representing objects so that, although each may have many ...

Let M subset R^3 be a regular surface and u_(p) a unit tangent vector to M, and let Pi(u_(p),N(p)) be the plane determined by u_(p) and the normal to the surface N(p). Then ...

Let H be a subgroup of a group G. The similarity transformation of H by a fixed element x in G not in H always gives a subgroup. If xHx^(-1)=H for every element x in G, then ...

A line along a normal vector (i.e., perpendicular to some tangent line). If K subset R^d is a centrosymmetric set which has a twice differentiable boundary, then there are ...

A normal distribution in a variate X with mean mu and variance sigma^2 is a statistic distribution with probability density function ...