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The operator representing the computation of a derivative, D^~=d/(dx), (1) sometimes also called the Newton-Leibniz operator. The second derivative is then denoted D^~^2, the ...

The equations are x = 2/(sqrt(pi(4+pi)))(lambda-lambda_0)(1+costheta) (1) y = 2sqrt(pi/(4+pi))sintheta, (2) where theta is the solution to ...

The equations are x = ((lambda-lambda_0)(1+costheta))/(sqrt(2+pi)) (1) y = (2theta)/(sqrt(2+pi)), (2) where theta is the solution to theta+sintheta=(1+1/2pi)sinphi. (3) This ...

The roulette traced by a point P attached to a circle of radius b rolling around the outside of a fixed circle of radius a. These curves were studied by Dürer (1525), ...

A curve also known as Gutschoven's curve which was first studied by G. van Gutschoven around 1662 (MacTutor Archive). It was also studied by Newton and, some years later, by ...

The Mollweide projection is a map projection also called the elliptical projection or homolographic equal-area projection. The forward transformation is x = ...

Samuel Pepys wrote Isaac Newton a long letter asking him to determine the probabilities for a set of dice rolls related to a wager he planned to make. Pepys asked which was ...

A theory of constructing initial conditions that provides safe convergence of a numerical root-finding algorithm for an equation f(z)=0. Point estimation theory treats ...

The word quadrature has (at least) three incompatible meanings. Integration by quadrature either means solving an integral analytically (i.e., symbolically in terms of known ...

A curve named and studied by Newton in 1701 and contained in his classification of cubic curves. It had been studied earlier by L'Hospital and Huygens in 1692 (MacTutor ...