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A mixed graph in which both directed and undirected edges may exist. If only directed edges exist, the graph is called a directed graph. If only undirected edges exist, it is ...

A tensor having contravariant and covariant indices.

The set lambda of linear Möbius transformations w which satisfy w(t)=(at+b)/(ct+d), where a and d are odd and b and c are even. lambda is a subgroup of the modular group ...

The kernel of a module homomorphism f:M-->N is the set of all elements of M which are mapped to zero. It is the kernel of f as a homomorphism of additive groups, and is a ...

Monster-barring is a term coined by Lakatos (1976) to refer to the refining of a hypothesis to rule out nasty counterexamples (Bailey et al. 2007, p. 11).

Pathological functions that are continuous but differentiable only on a set of points of measure zero are sometimes known as monsters of real analysis. Examples include the ...

A knot K embedded in R^3=C_z×R_t, where the three-dimensional space R^3 is represented as a direct product of a complex line C with coordinate z and a real line R with ...

A nonempty finite set of n×n integer matrices for which there exists some product of the matrices in the set which is equal to the zero matrix.

The number k in the expression s(n)=kn for a multiperfect number is called its class.

A function for which several distinct functional values correspond (as a result of different continuations) to one and the same point (Knopp 1996, p. 94).