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A 180 degrees rotation of a tangle. The word "flype" is derived from the old Scottish verb meaning "to turn or fold back." Tait (1898) used this word to indicate a different ...

A catastrophe which can occur for one control factor and one behavior axis. It is the universal unfolding of the singularity f(x)=x^3 and has the equation F(x,u)=x^3+ux.

A fractional clique of a graph G is a nonnegative real function on the vertices of G such that sum of the values on the vertices of any independent set is at most one. The ...

A semigroup with a noncommutative product in which no product can ever be expressed more simply in terms of other elements.

A distribution of values of a discrete variate represented graphically by plotting points (x_1,f_1), (x_2,f_2), ..., (x_k,f_k), and drawing a set of straight line segments ...

Let F be a field of field characteristic p. Then the Frobenius automorphism on F is the map phi:F->F which maps alpha to alpha^p for each element alpha of F.

The Frobenius equation is the Diophantine equation a_1x_1+a_2x_2+...+a_nx_n=b, where the a_i are positive integers, b is an integer, and the solutions x_i are nonnegative ...

Let the opposite sides of a convex cyclic hexagon be a, a^', b, b^', c, and c^', and let the polygon diagonals e, f, and g be so chosen that a, a^', and e have no common ...

A stellation is said to be fully supported if all its included cells are supported, i.e., if all its bottom faces are covered by their adjacent cells. In other words, every ...

An early name for calculus of variations. The term is also sometimes used in place of predicate calculus.