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The whole neighborhood of any point y_i of an algebraic curve may be uniformly represented by a certain finite number of convergent developments in power series, ...

The real axis is the line in the complex plane corresponding to zero imaginary part, I[z]=0. Every real number corresponds to a unique point on the real axis.

The pedal curve of a sinusoidal spiral r=a[cos(nt)]^(1/n) with pedal point at the center is another sinusoidal spiral with polar equation r=a[cos(nt)]^(1+1/n). A few examples ...

The structure constant is defined as iepsilon_(ijk), where epsilon_(ijk) is the permutation symbol. The structure constant forms the starting point for the development of Lie ...

In the triangle DeltaABC illustrated above, side c subtends angle ∠C. More generally, given a geometric object O in the plane and a point P, let A be the angle from one edge ...

The operation of multiplication, i.e., a times b. Various notations are a×b, a·b, a*b, ab, and (a)(b). The "multiplication sign" × is based on Saint Andrew's cross (Bergamini ...

The radial curve of the tractrix x = a(t-tanht) (1) y = asecht (2) with radiant point (x_0,y_0) is the kappa curve x_r = x_0+atanht (3) y_r = y_0+asinhttanht. (4)

A box integral for dimension n with parameters q and s is defined as the expectation of distance from a fixed point q of a point r chosen at random over the unit n-cube, ...

The Euclidean plane parametrized by coordinates, so that each point is located based on its position with respect to two perpendicular lines, called coordinate axes. They are ...

Consider a unit circle and a radiant point located at (mu,0). There are four different regimes of caustics, illustrated above. For radiant point at mu=infty, the catacaustic ...