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A bilinear functional phi on a normed space E is called coercive (or sometimes elliptic) if there exists a positive constant K such that phi(x,x)>=K||x||^2 for all x in E.

A method of determining coefficients alpha_l in an expansion y(x)=y_0(x)+sum_(l=1)^qalpha_ly_l(x) so as to nullify the values of an ordinary differential equation L[y(x)]=0 ...

A complex magnification is a map of the form z|->az, where a is a positive real number, which corresponds to magnification about the origin of points in the complex plane by ...

A complex rotation is a map of the form z|->ze^(itheta), where theta is a real number, which corresponds to counterclockwise rotation by theta radians about the origin of ...

A complex translation is a map of the form z|->z+a, where a is a fixed complex number, which corresponds to translation (shifting) of points the complex plane by the complex ...

A set in R^d is concave if it does not contain all the line segments connecting any pair of its points. If the set does contain all the line segments, it is called convex.

A function f(x) is said to be concave on an interval [a,b] if, for any points x_1 and x_2 in [a,b], the function -f(x) is convex on that interval (Gradshteyn and Ryzhik 2000).

An ordered pair (a,b) of nonnegative integers such that there is some set of a points and b edges whose removal disconnects the graph and there is no set of a-1 nodes and b ...

f(x)=1/x-|_1/x_| for x in [0,1], where |_x_| is the floor function. The natural invariant of the map is rho(y)=1/((1+y)ln2).

The convex hull of a set of points S in n dimensions is the intersection of all convex sets containing S. For N points p_1, ..., p_N, the convex hull C is then given by the ...