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Let X_1 and X_2 be the number of successes in variates taken from two populations. Define p^^_1 = (x_1)/(n_1) (1) p^^_2 = (x_2)/(n_2). (2) The estimator of the difference is ...

The dimension of a partially ordered set P=(X,<=) is the size of the smallest realizer of P. Equivalently, it is the smallest integer d such that P is isomorphic to a ...

A quantity x>0, which may be written with an explicit plus sign for emphasis, +x.

A sequence {mu_n}_(n=0)^infty is positive definite if the moment of every nonnegative polynomial which is not identically zero is greater than zero (Widder 1941, p. 132). ...

A positive matrix is a real or integer matrix (a)_(ij) for which each matrix element is a positive number, i.e., a_(ij)>0 for all i, j. Positive matrices are therefore a ...

A quadratic form Q(x) is said to be positive semidefinite if it is never <0. However, unlike a positive definite quadratic form, there may exist a x!=0 such that the form is ...

An iterated fibration of Eilenberg-Mac lane spaces. Every topological space has this homotopy type.

A statement, also known as an axiom, which is taken to be true without proof. Postulates are the basic structure from which lemmas and theorems are derived. The whole of ...

You buy 100 pounds of potatoes and are told that they are 99% water. After leaving them outside, you discover that they are now 98% water. The weight of the dehydrated ...

An algebra in which the associator (x,x,x)=0. The subalgebra generated by one element is associative.