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Let (a)_i and (b)_i be sequences of complex numbers such that b_j!=b_k for j!=k, and let the lower triangular matrices F=(f)_(nk) and G=(g)_(nk) be defined as ...

The Kronecker-Weber theorem, sometimes known as the Kronecker-Weber-Hilbert theorem, is one of the earliest known results in class field theory. In layman's terms, the ...

Laguerre-Gauss quadrature, also called Gauss-Laguerre quadrature or Laguerre quadrature, is a Gaussian quadrature over the interval [0,infty) with weighting function ...

The Laguerre differential equation is given by xy^('')+(1-x)y^'+lambday=0. (1) Equation (1) is a special case of the more general associated Laguerre differential equation, ...

Let n be an integer variable which tends to infinity and let x be a continuous variable tending to some limit. Also, let phi(n) or phi(x) be a positive function and f(n) or ...

A short theorem used in proving a larger theorem. Related concepts are the axiom, porism, postulate, principle, and theorem. The late mathematician P. Erdős has often been ...

Given a unit line segment [0,1], pick two points at random on it. Call the first point x_1 and the second point x_2. Find the distribution of distances d between points. The ...

Li's criterion states that the Riemann hypothesis is equivalent to the statement that, for lambda_n=1/((n-1)!)(d^n)/(ds^n)[s^(n-1)lnxi(s)]|_(s=1), (1) where xi(s) is the ...

A maximal clique is a clique that cannot be extended by including one more adjacent vertex, meaning it is not a subset of a larger clique. A maximum clique (i.e., clique of ...

There are several statistical quantities called means, e.g., harmonic mean, geometric mean, arithmetic-geometric mean, and root-mean-square. When applied to two elements a ...