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If G is a group, then the torsion elements Tor(G) of G (also called the torsion of G) are defined to be the set of elements g in G such that g^n=e for some natural number n, ...

Grünbaum conjectured that for every m>1, n>2, there exists an m-regular, m-chromatic graph of girth at least n. This result is trivial for n=2 and m=2,3, but only a small ...

The Jacobi symbol (a/y)=chi(y) as a number theoretic character can be extended to the Kronecker symbol (f(a)/y)=chi^*(y) so that chi^*(y)=chi(y) whenever chi(y)!=0. When y is ...

A Heegaard splitting of a connected orientable 3-manifold M is any way of expressing M as the union of two (3,1)-handlebodies along their boundaries. The boundary of such a ...

The representation of a number as a sum of powers of a base b, followed by expression of each of the exponents as a sum of powers of b, etc., until the process stops. For ...

There are at least two distinct (though related) notions of the term Hilbert algebra in functional analysis. In some literature, a linear manifold A of a (not necessarily ...

Given a number field K, there exists a unique maximal unramified Abelian extension L of K which contains all other unramified Abelian extensions of K. This finite field ...

The term "homology group" usually means a singular homology group, which is an Abelian group which partially counts the number of holes in a topological space. In particular, ...

There are (at least) two graphs associated with Horton, illustrated above. The first is a graph on 96 nodes providing a counterexample to the Tutte conjecture that every ...

Let a set of vertices A in a connected graph G be called convex if for every two vertices x,y in A, the vertex set of every (x,y) graph geodesic lies completely in A. Also ...