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Elementary number theory is the branch of number theory in which elementary methods (i.e., arithmetic, geometry, and high school algebra) are used to solve equations with ...

A number x is said to have "n figures" if it takes n digits to express it. The number of figures is therefore equal to one more than the power of 10 in the scientific ...

A set X whose elements can be numbered through from 1 to n, for some positive integer n. The number n is called the cardinal number of the set, and is often denoted |X| or ...

The term "God's number" is sometimes given to the graph diameter of Rubik's graph, which is the minimum number of turns required to solve a Rubik's cube from an arbitrary ...

The term limit comes about relative to a number of topics from several different branches of mathematics. A sequence x_1,x_2,... of elements in a topological space X is said ...

subjMathematics:Discrete Mathematics:Graph Theory:Cliques The maximal clique polynomial C_G(x) for the graph G may be defined as the polynomial ...

The number of nonassociative n-products with k elements preceding the rightmost left parameter is F(n,k) = F(n-1,k)+F(n-1,k-1) (1) = (n+k-2; k)-(n+k-1; k-1), (2) where (n; k) ...

A two-dimensional grid graph, also known as a rectangular grid graph or two-dimensional lattice graph (e.g., Acharya and Gill 1981), is an m×n lattice graph that is the graph ...

A bar graph is any plot of a set of data such that the number of data elements falling within one or more categories is indicated using a rectangle whose height or width is a ...

A face-centered cubic sphere packing obtained by placing layers of spheres one on top of another. Because there are two distinct ways to place each layer on top of the ...