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The study of valuations which simplifies class field theory and the theory of function fields.

A generalization of calculus of variations which draws the relationship between the stationary points of a smooth real-valued function on a manifold and the global topology ...

An abnormal number is a hypothetical number which can be factored into primes in more than one way. Hardy and Wright (1979) prove the fundamental theorem of arithmetic by ...

The mathematical study of how given quantities can be approximated by other (usually simpler) ones under appropriate conditions. Approximation theory also studies the size ...

Ergodic theory can be described as the statistical and qualitative behavior of measurable group and semigroup actions on measure spaces. The group is most commonly N, R, R-+, ...

The study of groups. Gauss developed but did not publish parts of the mathematics of group theory, but Galois is generally considered to have been the first to develop the ...

The mathematical study of how to manipulate the parameters affecting the behavior of a system to produce the desired or optimal outcome.

The study of harmonic functions (also called potential functions).

The study of the waiting times, lengths, and other properties of queues.

A number n is called equidigital if the number of digits in the prime factorization of n (including powers) uses the same number of digits as the number of digits in n. The ...