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An expression which is a sentence or which contains variables and becomes a sentence upon appropriate substitutions for these variables (Carnap 1958, p. 24). Sentential ...

A transformation in which all points along a given line L remain fixed while other points are shifted parallel to L by a distance proportional to their perpendicular distance ...

Teichmüller's theorem asserts the existence and uniqueness of the extremal quasiconformal map between two compact Riemann surfaces of the same genus modulo an equivalence ...

A group whose left Haar measure equals its right Haar measure.

An optimal filter used for the removal of noise from a signal which is corrupted by the measuring process itself.

Two sets T_1 and T_2 are called Wilf equivalent if they belong to the same Wilf class.

Consider n strings, each oriented vertically from a lower to an upper "bar." If this is the least number of strings needed to make a closed braid representation of a link, n ...

A braid is an intertwining of some number of strings attached to top and bottom "bars" such that each string never "turns back up." In other words, the path of each string in ...

Fermat's 4n+1 theorem, sometimes called Fermat's two-square theorem or simply "Fermat's theorem," states that a prime number p can be represented in an essentially unique ...

In the IEEE 754-2008 standard (referred to as IEEE 754 henceforth), a floating-point representation is an unencoded member of a floating-point format which represents either ...