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The ratio of the absolute frequency to the total number of data points in a frequency distribution.

For a parabola oriented vertically and opening upwards, the vertex is the point where the curve reaches a minimum.

A parallelogram (parallelepiped) containing the minimum repeatable elements of a circle (sphere) packing.

The graph neighborhood of a vertex v in a graph is the set of all the vertices adjacent to v including v itself. More generally, the ith neighborhood of v is the set of all ...

Given an undirected graph, a degree sequence is a monotonic nonincreasing sequence of the vertex degrees (valencies) of its graph vertices. The number of degree sequences for ...

The dominance relation on a set of points in Euclidean n-space is the intersection of the n coordinate-wise orderings. A point p dominates a point q provided that every ...

Let there be n ways for a "good" selection and m ways for a "bad" selection out of a total of n+m possibilities. Take N samples and let x_i equal 1 if selection i is ...

Let there be m doctors and n<=m patients, and let all mn possible combinations of examinations of patients by doctors take place. Then what is the minimum number of surgical ...

If mu is a real measure (i.e., a measure that takes on real values), then one can decompose it according to where it is positive and negative. The positive variation is ...

Given n points, find the line segments with the shortest possible total length which connect the points. The segments need not necessarily be straight from one point to ...