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Arrow's paradox, also called Arrow's impossibility theorem or the general possibility theorem, states that perfect democratic voting is impossible, not just in practice but ...

The rule (F,F=>G)/G, where => means "implies," which is the sole rule of inference in propositional calculus. This rule states that if each of F and F=>G is either an axiom ...

A type of mathematical result which is considered by most logicians as more natural than the metamathematical incompleteness results first discovered by Gödel. Finite ...

A Moore graph of type (v,g) is a regular graph of vertex degree v>2 and girth g that contains the maximum possible number of nodes, namely ...

The inversion of a convolution equation, i.e., the solution for f of an equation of the form f*g=h+epsilon, given g and h, where epsilon is the noise and * denotes the ...

Betti numbers are topological objects which were proved to be invariants by Poincaré, and used by him to extend the polyhedral formula to higher dimensional spaces. ...

The curl of a vector field, denoted curl(F) or del xF (the notation used in this work), is defined as the vector field having magnitude equal to the maximum "circulation" at ...

One name for the figure used by Euclid to prove the Pythagorean theorem. It is sometimes also known as the "windmill."

A requirement necessary for a given statement or theorem to hold. Also called a condition.

One name for the figure used by Euclid to prove the Pythagorean theorem.