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The double bar symbol | is used to denote certain kinds of norms in mathematics (e.g., ||x|| or ||x||_2). It is also used to denote parallel lines, as in A∥B, and in an older ...

A method of matrix diagonalization using Jacobi rotation matrices P_(pq). It consists of a sequence of orthogonal similarity transformations of the form ...

The Harries graph is one of the three (3,10)-cage graphs, the other two being the (10,3)-cage known as the Balaban 10-cage and the Harries-Wong graph. The Harries graph is ...

The study of a finite group G using the local subgroups of G. Local group theory plays a critical role in the classification theorem of finite groups.

R(X_1,...X_n)=sum_(i=1)^nH(X_i)-H(X_1,...,X_n), where H(x_i) is the entropy and H(X_1,...,X_n) is the joint entropy. Linear redundancy is defined as ...

A sum which includes both the Jacobi triple product and the q-binomial theorem as special cases. Ramanujan's sum is ...

In nonstandard analysis, the transfer principle is the technical form of the following intuitive idea: "Anything provable about a given superstructure V by passing to a ...

The turning of an object or coordinate system by an angle about a fixed point. A rotation is an orientation-preserving orthogonal transformation. Euler's rotation theorem ...

An abnormal number is a hypothetical number which can be factored into primes in more than one way. Hardy and Wright (1979) prove the fundamental theorem of arithmetic by ...

A proof based on a dissection which shows the formula for the area of a plane figure or of the volume of a solid. Dozens of different dissection proofs are known for the ...