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The standard deviation sigma of a probability distribution is defined as the square root of the variance sigma^2, sigma = sqrt(<x^2>-<x>^2) (1) = sqrt(mu_2^'-mu^2), (2) where ...

The main diagonal of a square matrix can be extracted in the Wolfram Language using Tr[m, List].

Given a matrix A, a Jordan basis satisfies Ab_(i,1)=lambda_ib_(i,1) and Ab_(i,j)=lambda_ib_(i,j)+b_(i,j-1), and provides the means by which any complex matrix A can be ...

Trigonometric functions of pi/p for p prime have an especially complicated Galois-minimal representation. In particular, the case cos(pi/23) requires approximately 500 MB of ...

Consider the process of taking a number, adding its digits, then adding the digits of the number derived from it, etc., until the remaining number has only one digit. The ...

Also known as "Laplacian" determinant expansion by minors, expansion by minors is a technique for computing the determinant of a given square matrix M. Although efficient for ...

The idiosyncratic polynomial is the bivariate graph polynomial defined as the characteristic polynomial in x of A+y(J-I-A), where A is the adjacency matrix, J is the unit ...

The square of a graph is defined as its second graph power. The square of any biconnected graph is Hamiltonian (Fleischner 1974, Skiena 1990, p. 231). Mukhopadhyay (1967) has ...

A self-organizing data structure which uses rotations to move any accessed key to the root. This leaves recently accessed nodes near the top of the tree, making them very ...

A leaf of an unrooted tree is a node of vertex degree 1. Note that for a rooted or planted tree, the root vertex is generally not considered a leaf node, whereas all other ...