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The indefinite summation operator Delta^(-1) for discrete variables, is the equivalent of integration for continuous variables. If DeltaY(x)=y(x), then Delta^(-1)y(x)=Y(x).

Three concurrent homologous lines pass respectively through three fixed points on the similitude circle which are known as the invariable points.

An element a of a ring which is nonzero, not a unit, and whose only divisors are the trivial ones (i.e., the units and the products ua, where u is a unit). Equivalently, an ...

An optical illusion, illustrated above, in which the eye perceives a white upright equilateral triangle where none is actually drawn.

The knot curve is a quartic curve with implicit Cartesian equation (x^2-1)^2=y^2(3+2y). (1) The x- and y-intercepts are (0,-1), (0,1/2), and (+/-1,0). It has horizontal ...

If an analytic function has a single simple pole at the radius of convergence of its power series, then the ratio of the coefficients of its power series converges to that ...

A polynomial factorization algorithm that proceeds by considering the vector of coefficients of a polynomial P, calculating b_i=P(i)/a_i, constructing the Lagrange ...

An algorithm for computing the eigenvalues and eigenvectors for large symmetric sparse matrices.

A number triangle of order n with entries 1 to n such that entries are nondecreasing across rows and down columns and all entries in column j are less than or equal to j. An ...

A set of maximum degree to which all other degrees of recursively enumerable sets can be many-one reduced. If set A is many-one complete, then it is one-one complete, and ...