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The geodesics in a complete Riemannian metric go on indefinitely, i.e., each geodesic is isometric to the real line. For example, Euclidean space is complete, but the open ...

A completely monotonic function is a function f(x) such that (-1)^(-n)f^((n))(x)>=0 for n=0, 1, 2, .... Such functions occur in areas such as probability theory (Feller ...

A topological space X such that for every closed subset C of X and every point x in X\C, there is a continuous function f:X->[0,1] such that f(x)=0 and f(C)={1}. This is the ...

An improper use of the symbol sqrt(-1) for the imaginary unit leads to the apparent proof of a false statement. sqrt(-1) = sqrt(-1) (1) sqrt((-1)/1) = sqrt(1/(-1)) (2) ...

The conditional intensity lambda(t) associated to a temporal point process N is defined to be the expected infinitesimal rate at which events are expected to occur around ...

A statement is in conjunctive normal form if it is a conjunction (sequence of ANDs) consisting of one or more conjuncts, each of which is a disjunction (OR) of one or more ...

The expression im kleinen is German and means "on a small scale." A topological space is connected im kleinen at a point x if every neighborhood U of x contains an open ...

The winding number of a contour gamma about a point z_0, denoted n(gamma,z_0), is defined by n(gamma,z_0)=1/(2pii)∮_gamma(dz)/(z-z_0) and gives the number of times gamma ...

A Banach algebra A is called contractible if H^1(A,X)=Z^1(A,X)/B^1(A,X)=0 for all Banach A-bimodules X (Helemskii 1989, 1997). A C^*-algebra is contractible if and only if it ...

The average number of regions into which n randomly chosen planes divide a cube is N^_(n)=1/(324)(2n+23)n(n-1)pi+n+1 (Finch 2003, p. 482). The maximum number of regions is ...