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Reversion to the mean, also called regression to the mean, is the statistical phenomenon stating that the greater the deviation of a random variate from its mean, the greater ...

Consider expressions built up from variables and constants using function symbols. If v_1, ..., v_n are variables and t_1, ..., t_n are expressions, then a set of mappings ...

There are at least two theorems known as Weierstrass's theorem. The first states that the only hypercomplex number systems with commutative multiplication and addition are ...

A public-key cryptography algorithm which uses prime factorization as the trapdoor one-way function. Define n=pq (1) for p and q primes. Also define a private key d and a ...

The continuous Fourier transform is defined as f(nu) = F_t[f(t)](nu) (1) = int_(-infty)^inftyf(t)e^(-2piinut)dt. (2) Now consider generalization to the case of a discrete ...

A set function mu is said to possess finite subadditivity if, given any finite disjoint collection of sets {E_k}_(k=1)^n on which mu is defined, mu( union ...

Let U subset= C be a domain, and let f be an analytic function on U. Then if there is a point z_0 in U such that |f(z_0)|>=|f(z)| for all z in U, then f is constant. The ...

Let a discrete distribution have probability function p_k, and let a second discrete distribution have probability function q_k. Then the relative entropy of p with respect ...

Let J_nu(z) be a Bessel function of the first kind, Y_nu(z) a Bessel function of the second kind, and K_nu(z) a modified Bessel function of the first kind. Also let R[z]>0 ...

A symmetric bilinear form on a vector space V is a bilinear function Q:V×V->R (1) which satisfies Q(v,w)=Q(w,v). For example, if A is a n×n symmetric matrix, then ...