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The word "number" is a general term which refers to a member of a given (possibly ordered) set. The meaning of "number" is often clear from context (i.e., does it refer to a ...

There are many mathematical and recreational problems related to folding. Origami, the Japanese art of paper folding, is one well-known example. It is possible to make a ...

A polynomial is a mathematical expression involving a sum of powers in one or more variables multiplied by coefficients. A polynomial in one variable (i.e., a univariate ...

The combining of two or more quantities using the plus operator. The individual numbers being combined are called addends, and the total is called the sum. The first of ...

An algebraic equation in n variables is an polynomial equation of the form f(x_1,x_2,...,x_n)=sum_(e_1,...,e_n)c_(e_1,e_2,...,e_n)x_1^(e_1)x_2^(e_2)...x_n^(e_n)=0, where the ...

Define an antipode of a given graph vertex v_i as a vertex v_j at greatest possible graph distance from v_i. Then an antipodal graph is a connected graph in which each vertex ...

A black bishop graph is a graph formed from possible moves of a bishop chess piece, which may make diagonal moves of any length on a chessboard (or any other board), when ...

A catastrophe which can occur for four control factors and one behavior axis. The butterfly catastrophe is the universal unfolding of the singularity f(x)=x^6 of codimension ...

If two projective pencils of curves of orders n and n^' have no common curve, the locus of the intersections of corresponding curves of the two is a curve of order n+n^' ...

An (infinite) line determined by two points (x_1,y_1) and (x_2,y_2) may intersect a circle of radius r and center (0, 0) in two imaginary points (left figure), a degenerate ...