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The radical line, also called the radical axis, is the locus of points of equal circle power with respect to two nonconcentric circles. By the chordal theorem, it is ...

A curvilinear polygon built up of circular arcs. The Reuleaux polygon is a generalization of the Reuleaux triangle and, for an odd number of sides, is a curve of constant ...

The sawtooth wave, called the "castle rim function" by Trott (2004, p. 228), is the periodic function given by S(x)=Afrac(x/T+phi), (1) where frac(x) is the fractional part ...

The circumcircle, Brocard circle, Lemoine axis, and isodynamic points belong to a coaxal system orthogonal to the Apollonius circles, called the Schoute coaxal system. In ...

As shown by Schnirelman (1944), a square can be inscribed in any closed convex curve, although it is not known if this holds true for every Jordan curve (Steinhaus 1999, p. ...

Given a triangle with angles (pi/p, pi/q, pi/r), the resulting symmetry group is called a (p,q,r) triangle group (also known as a spherical tessellation). In three ...

Any nonzero rational number x can be represented by x=(p^ar)/s, (1) where p is a prime number, r and s are integers not divisible by p, and a is a unique integer. The p-adic ...

An amicable pair (m,n) consists of two integers m,n for which the sum of proper divisors (the divisors excluding the number itself) of one number equals the other. Amicable ...

The factorial n! is defined for a positive integer n as n!=n(n-1)...2·1. (1) So, for example, 4!=4·3·2·1=24. An older notation for the factorial was written (Mellin 1909; ...

Legendre showed that there is no rational algebraic function which always gives primes. In 1752, Goldbach showed that no polynomial with integer coefficients can give a prime ...