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A theorem from information theory that is a simple consequence of the weak law of large numbers. It states that if a set of values X_1, X_2, ..., X_n is drawn independently ...

The "natural exponential function" is the name sometimes given in elementary contexts to the function f(x)=e^x, where e =2.718... is the base of the natural logarithm. While ...

A famous perceptual illusion in which the brain switches between seeing a young girl and an old woman (or "wife" and "mother in law"). An anonymous German postcard from 1888 ...

Guy's "strong law of small numbers" states that there aren't enough small numbers to meet the many demands made of them. Guy (1988) also gives several interesting and ...

An algebra <L; ^ , v > is called a lattice if L is a nonempty set, ^ and v are binary operations on L, both ^ and v are idempotent, commutative, and associative, and they ...

Vector addition is the operation of adding two or more vectors together into a vector sum. The so-called parallelogram law gives the rule for vector addition of two or more ...

The most general form of "an" exponential function is a power-law function of the form f(x)=ab^(cx+d), (1) where a, c, and d are real numbers, b is a positive real number, ...

Specifying two angles A and B and a side a opposite A uniquely determines a triangle with area K = (a^2sinBsinC)/(2sinA) (1) = (a^2sinBsin(pi-A-B))/(2sinA). (2) The third ...

Exponential decay is the decrease in a quantity N according to the law N(t)=N_0e^(-lambdat) (1) for a parameter t and constant lambda (known as the decay constant), where e^x ...

A group or other algebraic object is called non-Abelian if the law of commutativity does not always hold, i.e., if the object is not Abelian. For example, the group of ...