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An attractor is a set of states (points in the phase space), invariant under the dynamics, towards which neighboring states in a given basin of attraction asymptotically ...

The compact-open topology is a common topology used on function spaces. Suppose X and Y are topological spaces and C(X,Y) is the set of continuous maps from f:X->Y. The ...

The winding number of a contour gamma about a point z_0, denoted n(gamma,z_0), is defined by n(gamma,z_0)=1/(2pii)∮_gamma(dz)/(z-z_0) and gives the number of times gamma ...

A functor is said to be faithful if it is injective on maps. This does not necessarily imply injectivity on objects. For example, the forgetful functor from the category of ...

Refer to the above figures. Let X be the point of intersection, with X^' ahead of X on one manifold and X^('') ahead of X of the other. The mapping of each of these points ...

The latitude of a point on a sphere is the elevation of the point from the plane of the equator. The latitude delta is related to the colatitude (the polar angle in spherical ...

In a set X equipped with a binary operation · called a product, the multiplicative identity is an element e such that e·x=x·e=x for all x in X. It can be, for example, the ...

There are many mathematical and recreational problems related to folding. Origami, the Japanese art of paper folding, is one well-known example. It is possible to make a ...

There are several different definitions of the term "unital" used throughout various branches of mathematics. In geometric combinatorics, a block design of the form (q^3+1, ...

An algorithm that can be used to factor a polynomial f over the integers. The algorithm proceeds by first factoring f modulo a suitable prime p via Berlekamp's method and ...