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Jung's theorem states that the generalized diameter D of a compact set X in R^n satisfies D>=Rsqrt((2(n+1))/n), where R is the circumradius of X (Danzer et al. 1963). This ...

The (n+1)×(n+1) tridiagonal matrix (also called the Clement matrix) defined by S_n=[0 n 0 0 ... 0; 1 0 n-1 0 ... 0; 0 2 0 n-2 ... 0; | | ... ... ... |; 0 0 0 n-1 0 1; 0 0 0 0 ...

Levenberg-Marquardt is a popular alternative to the Gauss-Newton method of finding the minimum of a function F(x) that is a sum of squares of nonlinear functions, ...

F_k[P_N(k)](x)=F_k[exp(-N|k|^beta)](x), where F is the Fourier transform of the probability P_N(k) for N-step addition of random variables. Lévy showed that beta in (0,2) for ...

A linear equation is an algebraic equation of the form y=mx+b involving only a constant and a first-order (linear) term, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept. The ...

For any algebraic number x of degree n>2, a rational approximation p/q to x must satisfy |x-p/q|>1/(q^n) for sufficiently large q. Writing r=n leads to the definition of the ...

Let each sphere in a sphere packing expand uniformly until it touches its neighbors on flat faces. Call the resulting polyhedron the local cell. Then the local density is ...

Let L=(L, ^ , v ) be a lattice, and let f,g:L->L. Then the pair (f,g) is a local polarity if and only if for each finite set X subset= L, there is a finitely generated ...

The Moscow-Soicher graph is a weakly regular graph on 672 vertices with parameters (nu,k,lambda,mu)=(672,110,28,(0,18)). It is distance-regular but not distance-transitive ...

Knuth (2008, p. 44) terms the 24-vertex graph based on the notes of the musical scale illustrated above the "musical graph." This graph can be seen to be the 24-vertex case ...