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The Game of Logic, described by Lewis Carroll--author of Alice in Wonderland--in 1887 (Carroll 1972) consists of discussing the meaning of propositions like "Some fresh cakes ...

An interpretation of first-order logic consists of a non-empty domain D and mappings for function and predicate symbols. Every n-place function symbol is mapped to a function ...

A statement which is rigorously known to be correct. A statement which is not true is called false, although certain statements can be proved to be rigorously undecidable ...

The operation of interchanging true and false in a logical statement. The negation of A is often called "NOT-A," and can be denoted !A, or with the negation sign ¬, so not-A ...

The symbol ^ which is used to denote partial conjunction in symbolic logic. It also appears in several other contexts in mathematics and is sometimes called a "wedge". In ...

A statement is in conjunctive normal form if it is a conjunction (sequence of ANDs) consisting of one or more conjuncts, each of which is a disjunction (OR) of one or more ...

An unsolvable problem in logic dating back to the ancient Greeks and quoted, for example, by German philosopher Carl von Prantl (1855). The dilemma consists of a crocodile ...

A metatheorem in mathematical logic also known under the name "conditional proof." It states that if the sentential formula B can be derived from the set of sentential ...

Two statements in logic are said to be equipollent if they are deducible from each other. Two sets A and B are said to be equipollent iff there is a one-to-one correspondence ...

In mathematics, a formula is a fact, rule, or principle that is expressed in terms of mathematical symbols. Examples of formulas include equations, equalities, identities, ...