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A series suma(n)e^(-lambda(n)z), where a(n) and z are complex and {lambda(n)} is a monotonic increasing sequence of real numbers. The numbers lambda(n) are called the ...

Two quantities are said to be equal if they are, in some well-defined sense, equivalent. Equality of quantities a and b is written a=b. Equal is implemented in the Wolfram ...

Two metrics g_1 and g_2 defined on a space X are called equivalent if they induce the same metric topology on X. This is the case iff, for every point x_0 of X, every ball ...

The 21 assumptions which underlie the geometry published in Hilbert's classic text Grundlagen der Geometrie. The eight incidence axioms concern collinearity and intersection ...

There are two possible definitions: 1. Possessing similarity of form, 2. Continuous, one-to-one, in surjection, and having a continuous inverse. The most common meaning is ...

A homeomorphism, also called a continuous transformation, is an equivalence relation and one-to-one correspondence between points in two geometric figures or topological ...

A hyperfunction, discovered by Mikio Sato in 1958, is defined as a pair of holomorphic functions (f,g) which are separated by a boundary gamma. If gamma is taken to be a ...

An infinitesimal transformation of a vector r is given by r^'=(I+e)r, (1) where the matrix e is infinitesimal and I is the identity matrix. (Note that the infinitesimal ...

On a measure space X, the set of square integrable L2-functions is an L^2-space. Taken together with the L2-inner product with respect to a measure mu, <f,g>=int_Xfgdmu (1) ...

Let I be a set, and let U be an ultrafilter on I, let phi be a formula of a given language L, and let {A_i:i in I} be any collection of structures which is indexed by the set ...