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If the consistency of one of two propositions implies the consistency of the other, the first is said to have greater consistency strength.

No A is not-A.

If q is logically deducible from p, this is written p|-q.

The exists quantifier exists .

A Horn clause without a positive literal.

An algorithm which constructs allowed mathematical statements from simple ingredients.

A partial function is a function that is not total.

A formula is called satisfiable if it takes at least one true value in some interpretation.

A function defined for all possible input values.

Capable of taking on exactly one possible value.