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For a single variate X having a distribution P(x) with known population mean mu, the population variance var(X), commonly also written sigma^2, is defined as ...

Every finite group G of order greater than one possesses a finite series of subgroups, called a composition series, such that I<|H_s<|...<|H_2<|H_1<|G, where H_(i+1) is a ...

lnx is the notation used in physics and engineering to denote the logarithm to base e, also called the natural logarithm, i.e., lnx=log_ex. The United States Department of ...

The score function u(theta) is the partial derivativeof the log-likelihood function F(theta)=lnL(theta), where L(theta) is the standard likelihood function. Defining the ...

The angle of incidence of a ray to a surface is measured as the difference in angle between the ray and the normal vector of the surface at the point of intersection.

Two curves which, at any point, have a common principal normal vector are called Bertrand curves. The product of the torsions of Bertrand curves is a constant.

A separable algebraic extension E of F for which every irreducible polynomial in F which has a single root in E has all its roots in E is said to be Galoisian. Galoisian ...

A set of methods that are generally superior to ANOVA for small data sets or where sample distributions are non-normal.

A topological space X fulfils the T1-separation axiom and is normal. A space fulfilling the T_4-separation axiom is said to be a T4-space.

A topological space fulfilling the T_4-axiom: X fulfils the T1-separation axiom and is normal. In the terminology of Alexandroff and Hopf (1972), T_4-space are called Tietze ...