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A normal series of a group G is a finite sequence (A_0,...,A_r) of normal subgroups such that I=A_0<|A_1<|...<|A_r=G.

An orthogonal array OA(k,s) is a k×s^2 array with entries taken from an s-set S having the property that in any two rows, each ordered pair of symbols from S occurs exactly ...

The nth partial denominator in a generalized continued fraction b_0+K_(n=1)^infty(a_n)/(b_n) or simple continued fraction b_0+K_(n=1)^infty1/(b_n) is the expression b_n. For ...

The lines of a pencil joining the points of a line segment range to another point.

A quadratic form Q(x) is said to be positive semidefinite if it is never <0. However, unlike a positive definite quadratic form, there may exist a x!=0 such that the form is ...

The branch of formal logic, also called functional calculus, that deals with representing the logical connections between statements as well as the statements themselves.

At each point on a given a two-dimensional surface, there are two "principal" radii of curvature. The larger is denoted R_1, and the smaller R_2. The "principal directions" ...

The projective general orthogonal group PGO_n(q) is the group obtained from the general orthogonal group GO_n(q) on factoring the scalar matrices contained in that group.

The projective general unitary group PGU_n(q) is the group obtained from the general unitary group GU_n(q) on factoring the scalar matrices contained in that group.

A proposition is a mathematical statement such as "3 is greater than 4," "an infinite set exists," or "7 is prime." An axiom is a proposition that is assumed to be true. With ...