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A problem is NP-hard if an algorithm for solving it can be translated into one for solving any NP-problem (nondeterministic polynomial time) problem. NP-hard therefore means ...

The symbol ÷ used to indicate division. In typography, an obelus has a more general definition as any symbol, such as the dagger (|), used to indicate a footnote (Bringhurst ...

A similar construction can be done by initially erecting a square internally on the side BC. This leads to the A^--inscribed square. The triangle DeltaX^-Y^-Z^- of centers of ...

For a partial order, the size of the longest antichain is called the width.

The hypothesis is that, for X is a measure space, f_n(x)->f(x) for each x in X, as n->infty. The hypothesis may be weakened to almost everywhere convergence.

The highest power in a univariate polynomial is known as its degree, or sometimes "order." For example, the polynomial P(x)=a_nx^n+...+a_2x^2+a_1x+a_0 is of degree n, denoted ...

An iterated fibration of Eilenberg-Mac lane spaces. Every topological space has this homotopy type.

The regulator of a number field K is a positive number associated with K. The regulator of an imaginary quadratic field is 1 and that of a real quadratic, imaginary cubic, or ...

Every continuous linear functional U[f] for f in C[a,b] can be expressed as a Stieltjes integral U[f]=int_a^bf(x)dw(x), where w(x) is determined by U and is of bounded ...

A skew coordinate system is a system of curvilinear coordinates in which each family of surfaces intersects the others at angles other than right angles. Skew coordinate ...