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Two quantities y and x are said to be inversely proportional (or "in inverse proportion") if y is given by a constant multiple of 1/x, i.e., y=c/x for c a constant. This ...

Quantifies deviation from translational invariance by describing the distribution of gaps within a set at multiple scales. The more lacunar a set, the more heterogeneous the ...

An angle which is not a right angle or a multiple of a right angle.

pi may be computed using a number of iterative algorithms. The best known such algorithms are the Archimedes algorithm, which was derived by Pfaff in 1800, and the ...

A primality test that provides an efficient probabilistic algorithm for determining if a given number is prime. It is based on the properties of strong pseudoprimes. The ...

A graph is called cordial if it is possible to label its vertices with 0s and 1s so that when the edges are labeled with the difference of the labels at their endpoints, the ...

A double integral is a two-fold multiple integral. Examples of definite double integrals evaluating to simple constants include int_0^1int_0^1(dxdy)/(1-x^2y^2) = 1/8pi^2 (1) ...

Fubini's theorem, sometimes called Tonelli's theorem, establishes a connection between a multiple integral and a repeated one. If f(x,y) is continuous on the rectangular ...

MANOVA ("multiple analysis of variance") is a procedure for testing the equality of mean vectors of more than two populations. The technique is analogous to ANOVA for ...

A pseudograph is a non-simple graph in which both graph loops and multiple edges are permitted (Zwillinger 2003, p. 220).