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The empire problem, also known as the m-pire problem) asks for the maximum number of colors needed to color countries such that no two countries sharing a common border have ...

Exponential growth is the increase in a quantity N according to the law N(t)=N_0e^(lambdat) (1) for a parameter t and constant lambda (the analog of the decay constant), ...

A fallacy is an incorrect result arrived at by apparently correct, though actually specious reasoning. The great Greek geometer Euclid wrote an entire book on geometric ...

The full width at half maximum (FWHM) is a parameter commonly used to describe the width of a "bump" on a curve or function. It is given by the distance between points on the ...

Given a planar graph G, its geometric dual G^* is constructed by placing a vertex in each region of G (including the exterior region) and, if two regions have an edge x in ...

Gomoku, also called go-moku (Japanese for "five points") is a tic-tac-toe-like game in which two players alternately place pieces, with each player using pieces of a fixed ...

A grid usually refers to two or more infinite sets of evenly-spaced parallel lines at particular angles to each other in a plane, or the intersections of such lines. The two ...

There are two types of functions known as Hankel functions. The more common one is a complex function (also called a Bessel function of the third kind, or Weber Function) ...

Jessen's orthogonal icosahedron is a concave shaky polyhedron constructed by replacing six pairs of adjacent triangles in an icosahedron (whose edges form a skew ...

Let [a_0;a_1,a_2,...] be the simple continued fraction of a "generic" real number, where the numbers a_i are the partial quotients. Then the Khinchin (or Khintchine) harmonic ...