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By the definition of the functions of trigonometry, the sine of pi/2 is equal to the y-coordinate of the point with polar coordinates (r,theta)=(1,pi/2), giving sin(pi/2)=1. ...

Construction of the angle pi/4=45 degrees produces an isosceles right triangle. Since the sides are equal, sin^2theta+cos^2theta=2sin^2theta=1, (1) so solving for ...

Chebyshev noticed that the remainder upon dividing the primes by 4 gives 3 more often than 1, as plotted above in the left figure. Similarly, dividing the primes by 3 gives 2 ...

The n-ball, denoted B^n, is the interior of a sphere S^(n-1), and sometimes also called the n-disk. (Although physicists often use the term "sphere" to mean the solid ball, ...

An important theorem in plane geometry, also known as Hero's formula. Given the lengths of the sides a, b, and c and the semiperimeter s=1/2(a+b+c) (1) of a triangle, Heron's ...

The inverse hyperbolic functions, sometimes also called the area hyperbolic functions (Spanier and Oldham 1987, p. 263) are the multivalued function that are the inverse ...

The triangle DeltaA^*B^*C^* obtained by reflecting the vertices of a reference triangle DeltaABC about the opposite sides is called the reflection triangle (Grinberg 2003). ...

The octahedral equation, by way of analogy with the icosahedral equation, is a set of related equations derived from the projective geometry of the octahedron. Consider an ...

The tetrahedral equation, by way of analogy with the icosahedral equation, is a set of related equations derived from the projective geometry of the octahedron. Consider a ...

A principle that was first enunciated by Jakob Bernoulli which states that if we are ignorant of the ways an event can occur (and therefore have no reason to believe that one ...