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For a logarithmic spiral with parametric equations x = e^(bt)cost (1) y = e^(bt)sint, (2) the involute is given by x = (e^(bt)sint)/b (3) y = -(e^(bt)cost)/b, (4) which is ...

Let f(x) be a finite and measurable function in (-infty,infty), and let epsilon be freely chosen. Then there is a function g(x) such that 1. g(x) is continuous in ...

2^(20)=1024^2=1048576 bytes. Although the term megabyte is almost universally used to refer to 1024^2 bytes, such usage is deprecated in favor of the standard SI naming ...

A continuous homomorphism of a group into the nonzero complex numbers. A multiplicative character omega gives a group representation on the one-dimensional space C of complex ...

The mutual information between two discrete random variables X and Y is defined to be I(X;Y)=sum_(x in X)sum_(y in Y)P(x,y)log_2((P(x,y))/(P(x)P(y))) (1) bits. Additional ...

A problem in the calculus of variations. Let a vessel traveling at constant speed c navigate on a body of water having surface velocity u = u(x,y) (1) v = v(x,y). (2) The ...

The evolute of the nephroid given by x = 1/2[3cost-cos(3t)] (1) y = 1/2[3sint-sin(3t)] (2) is given by x = cos^3t (3) y = 1/4[3sint+sin(3t)], (4) which is another nephroid.

Let a triangle have side lengths a, b, and c with opposite angles A, B, and C. Then (b+c)/a = (cos[1/2(B-C)])/(sin(1/2A)) (1) (c+a)/b = (cos[1/2(C-A)])/(sin(1/2B)) (2) ...

There are two equivalent definitions for a nilpotent matrix. 1. A square matrix whose eigenvalues are all 0. 2. A square matrix A such that A^n is the zero matrix 0 for some ...

A ruled surface parameterization x(u,v)=b(u)+vg(u) is called noncylindrical if gxg^' is nowhere 0. A noncylindrical ruled surface always has a parameterization of the form ...