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A rook polynomial is a polynomial R_(m,n)(x)=sum_(k=0)^(min(m,n))r_kx^k (1) whose number of ways k nonattacking rooks can be arranged on an m×n chessboard. The rook ...

In statistics, sampling is the selection and implementation of statistical observations in order to estimate properties of an underlying population. Sampling is a vital part ...

Let x be a positive number, and define lambda(d) = mu(d)[ln(x/d)]^2 (1) f(n) = sum_(d)lambda(d), (2) where the sum extends over the divisors d of n, and mu(n) is the Möbius ...

Seymour conjectured that a graph G of order n with minimum vertex degree delta(G)>=kn/(k+1) contains the kth graph power of a Hamiltonian cycle, generalizing Pósa's ...

The theory of analyzing a decision between a collection of alternatives made by a collection of n voters with separate opinions. Any choice for the entire group should ...

The difference between the sum of the angles A, B, and C of a spherical triangle and pi radians (180 degrees), E=A+B+C-pi. The notation Delta is sometimes used for spherical ...

In nonstandard analysis, the limitation to first-order analysis can be avoided by using a construction known as a superstructure. Superstructures are constructed in the ...

A dissection fallacy discovered by Dudeney (1958). The same set of tangram pieces can apparently produce two different figures, one of which is a proper subset of the other. ...

Tomography is the study of the reconstruction of two- and three-dimensional objects from one-dimensional slices. The Radon transform is an important tool in tomography. ...

A transcendental number is a (possibly complex) number that is not the root of any integer polynomial, meaning that it is not an algebraic number of any degree. Every real ...