Search Results for ""

Euler (1772ab) conjectured that there are no positive integer solutions to the quartic Diophantine equation A^4=B^4+C^4+D^4. This conjecture was disproved by Elkies (1988), ...

In 1638, Fermat proposed that every positive integer is a sum of at most three triangular numbers, four square numbers, five pentagonal numbers, and n n-polygonal numbers. ...

The gonality (also called divisorial gonality) gon(G) of a (finite) graph G is the minimum degree of a rank 1 divisor on that graph. It can be thought of as the minimum ...

Let s=1/(sqrt(2pi))[Gamma(1/4)]^2=5.2441151086... (1) (OEIS A064853) be the arc length of a lemniscate with a=1. Then the lemniscate constant is the quantity L = 1/2s (2) = ...

The lemniscate functions arise in rectifying the arc length of the lemniscate. The lemniscate functions were first studied by Jakob Bernoulli and Giulio Fagnano. A historical ...

Matrix diagonalization is the process of taking a square matrix and converting it into a special type of matrix--a so-called diagonal matrix--that shares the same fundamental ...

If p and q are distinct odd primes, then the quadratic reciprocity theorem states that the congruences x^2=q (mod p) x^2=p (mod q) (1) are both solvable or both unsolvable ...

The symmetric successive overrelaxation (SSOR) method combines two successive overrelaxation method (SOR) sweeps together in such a way that the resulting iteration matrix is ...

An m-ary n-ic polynomial (i.e., a homogeneous polynomial with constant coefficients of degree n in m independent variables).

A polynomial with three terms.