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A graph is a forbidden (vertex-)induced subgraph if its presence as a vertex-induced subgraph of a given graph means it is not a member of some family of graphs. For example, ...

A fractal is an object or quantity that displays self-similarity, in a somewhat technical sense, on all scales. The object need not exhibit exactly the same structure at all ...

The fractional edge chromatic number of a graph G is the fractional analog of the edge chromatic number, denoted chi_f^'(G) by Scheinerman and Ullman (2011). It can be ...

An optical illusion named after British psychologist James Fraser, who first studied the illusion in 1908 (Fraser 1908). The illusion is also known as the false spiral, or by ...

The Fuhrmann center Fu is the center of the Fuhrmann circle, given by the midpoint of the line joining the Nagel point and orthocenter (which forms a diameter of the Fuhrmann ...

The Games graph is a strongly regular graph on 729 vertices with parameters (nu,k,lambda,mu)=(729,112,1,20). It is distance-regular but not distance-transitive with ...

A generalized dodecagon is a generalized polygon of order 12. GD(1,2) is the (3,12)-cage graph, more commonly known as the Tutte 12-cage. GD(2,1) is the line graph of the ...

A generalized hexagon is a generalized polygon of order 6. GH(1,2) is more commonly known as the Heawood graph, but is also the (3,6)-cage graph, the cubic vertex-transitive ...

The generalized law of sines applies to a simplex in space of any dimension with constant Gaussian curvature. Let us work up to that. Initially in two-dimensional space, we ...

A great circle is a section of a sphere that contains a diameter of the sphere (Kern and Bland 1948, p. 87). Sections of the sphere that do not contain a diameter are called ...