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The Johnson midpoint is the point of concurrence of the line segments joining the vertices of a reference triangle with the centers of a certain set of circles (that resemble ...

Lagrange multipliers, also called Lagrangian multipliers (e.g., Arfken 1985, p. 945), can be used to find the extrema of a multivariate function f(x_1,x_2,...,x_n) subject to ...

In practice, the vertical offsets from a line (polynomial, surface, hyperplane, etc.) are almost always minimized instead of the perpendicular offsets. This provides a ...

Also known as the first fundamental form, ds^2=g_(ab)dx^adx^b. In the principal axis frame for three dimensions, ds^2=g_(11)(dx^1)^2+g_(22)(dx^2)^2+g_(33)(dx^3)^2. At ...

A lion and a man in a closed arena have equal maximum speeds. What tactics should the lion employ to be sure of his meal? This problem was stated by Rado in 1925 (Littlewood ...

An algorithm for finding the nearest local minimum of a function which presupposes that the gradient of the function can be computed. The method of steepest descent, also ...

Montgomery's pair correlation conjecture, published in 1973, asserts that the two-point correlation function R_2(r) for the zeros of the Riemann zeta function zeta(z) on the ...

Multisection of a mathematical quantity or figure is division of it into a number of (usually) equal parts. Division of a quantity into two equal parts is known as bisection, ...

Given a triangle DeltaABC, construct the contact triangle DeltaDEF. Then the Nobbs points are the intersections of the corresponding sides of triangles DeltaABC and DeltaDEF, ...

A collection of open sets of a topological space whose union contains a given subset. For example, an open cover of the real line, with respect to the Euclidean topology, is ...