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A collection of open sets of a topological space whose union contains a given subset. For example, an open cover of the real line, with respect to the Euclidean topology, is ...

A Pareto plot is type of plot used in quality control applications that combines a bar chart displaying percentages of categories in the data with a line graph showing ...

A queue is a special kind of list in which elements may only be removed from the bottom by a pop action or added to the top using a push action. Examples of queues include ...

The topology induced by a topological space X on a subset S. The open sets of S are the intersections S intersection U, where U is an open set of X. For example, in the ...

An idealized mathematical object having a rigorously straight edge which can be used to draw a line segment. Although geometric constructions are sometimes said to be ...

A quantity displayed below the normal line of text (and generally in a smaller point size), as the "i" in a_i, is called a subscript. Subscripts are commonly used to indicate ...

A quantity displayed above the normal line of text (and generally in a smaller point size), as the "i" in x^i, is called a superscript. Superscripts are commonly used to ...

The term cube is used in topology to denote the Cartesian product of any (finite or infinite) number of copies of the closed interval [0,1] equipped with the product topology ...

A lattice path from one point to another is p-good if it lies completely below the line y=(p-1)x. (1) Hilton and Pederson (1991) show that the number of p-good paths from (1, ...

Lagrange multipliers, also called Lagrangian multipliers (e.g., Arfken 1985, p. 945), can be used to find the extrema of a multivariate function f(x_1,x_2,...,x_n) subject to ...