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A harmonic number is a number of the form H_n=sum_(k=1)^n1/k (1) arising from truncation of the harmonic series. A harmonic number can be expressed analytically as ...

In functional analysis, the Lax-Milgram theorem is a sort of representation theorem for bounded linear functionals on a Hilbert space H. The result is of tantamount ...

In the most commonly used convention (e.g., Apostol 1967, pp. 205-207), the second fundamental theorem of calculus, also termed "the fundamental theorem, part II" (e.g., ...

The median of a statistical distribution with distribution function D(x) is the value x such D(x)=1/2. For a symmetric distribution, it is therefore equal to the mean. Given ...

A removable singularity is a singular point z_0 of a function f(z) for which it is possible to assign a complex number in such a way that f(z) becomes analytic. A more ...

The Fourier transform is a generalization of the complex Fourier series in the limit as L->infty. Replace the discrete A_n with the continuous F(k)dk while letting n/L->k. ...

The partial differential equation u_t+u_(xxx)-6uu_x=0 (1) (Lamb 1980; Zwillinger 1997, p. 175), often abbreviated "KdV." This is a nondimensionalized version of the equation ...

The inverse of the Laplace transform, given by F(t)=1/(2pii)int_(gamma-iinfty)^(gamma+iinfty)e^(st)f(s)ds, where gamma is a vertical contour in the complex plane chosen so ...

Let B, A, and e be square matrices with e small, and define B=A(I+e), (1) where I is the identity matrix. Then the inverse of B is approximately B^(-1)=(I-e)A^(-1). (2) This ...

The prime number theorem gives an asymptotic form for the prime counting function pi(n), which counts the number of primes less than some integer n. Legendre (1808) suggested ...