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An urelement contains no elements, belongs to some set, and is not identical with the empty set (Moore 1982, p. 3; Rubin 1967, p. 23). "Ur" is a German prefix which is ...

Given a triangle center X=l:m:n, the line mnalpha+nlbeta+lmgamma=0, where alpha:beta:gamma are trilinear coordinates, is called the trilinear polar (Kimberling 1998, p. 38). ...

A formal extension of the hypergeometric function to two variables, resulting in four kinds of functions (Appell 1925; Picard 1880ab, 1881; Goursat 1882; Whittaker and Watson ...

There are a number of attractive polyhedron compounds consisting of five cubes. The first of these (left figures) consists of the arrangement of five cubes in the polyhedron ...

The term "cylinder" has a number of related meanings. In its most general usage, the word "cylinder" refers to a solid bounded by a closed generalized cylinder (a.k.a. ...

The divergence of a vector field F, denoted div(F) or del ·F (the notation used in this work), is defined by a limit of the surface integral del ·F=lim_(V->0)(∮_SF·da)/V (1) ...

An inner product is a generalization of the dot product. In a vector space, it is a way to multiply vectors together, with the result of this multiplication being a scalar. ...

The term "square" can be used to mean either a square number ("x^2 is the square of x") or a geometric figure consisting of a convex quadrilateral with sides of equal length ...

The set of points, known as boundary points, which are members of the set closure of a given set S and the set closure of its complement set. The boundary is sometimes called ...

The limit points of a set P, denoted P^'.