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All Euclidean geometric constructions can be carried out with a straightedge alone if, in addition, one is given the radius of a single circle and its center. The theorem was ...

The differential equation describing exponential growth is (dN)/(dt)=rN. (1) This can be integrated directly int_(N_0)^N(dN)/N=int_0^trdt (2) to give ln(N/(N_0))=rt, (3) ...

The term "porism" is an archaic type of mathematical proposition whose historical purpose is not entirely known. It is used instead of "theorem" by some authors for a small ...

A nonzero vector v=(v_0,v_1,...,v_(n-1)) in n-dimensional Lorentzian space R^(1,n-1) is said to be positive lightlike if it has zero (Lorentzian) norm and if its first ...

A power mean is a mean of the form M_p(a_1,a_2,...,a_n)=(1/nsum_(k=1)^na_k^p)^(1/p), (1) where the parameter p is an affinely extended real number and all a_k>=0. A power ...

The prime signature of a positive integer n is a sorted list of nonzero exponents a_i in the prime factorization n=p_1^(a_1)p_2^(a_2).... By definition, the prime signature ...

Given an integer sequence {a_n}_(n=1)^infty, a prime number p is said to be a primitive prime factor of the term a_n if p divides a_n but does not divide any a_m for m<n. It ...

Typesetting "errors" in which exponents or multiplication signs are omitted but the resulting expression is equivalent to the original one. Examples include 2^59^2=2592 (1) ...

A number satisfying Fermat's little theorem (or some other primality test) for some nontrivial base. A probable prime which is shown to be composite is called a pseudoprime ...

The Prosthaphaeresis formulas, also known as Simpson's formulas, are trigonometry formulas that convert a product of functions into a sum or difference. They are given by ...