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Degen's eight-square identity is the incredible polynomial identity (1) found around 1818 by the Danish mathematician Ferdinand Degen (1766-1825). It was subsequently ...

A type of integral which is an extension of both the Riemann integral and the Lebesgue integral. The original Denjoy integral is now called a Denjoy integral "in the ...

A search algorithm of a tree that explores the first child of a node before visiting its siblings. Tarjan (1972) and Hopcroft and Tarjan (1973) showed that depth-first search ...

The descending chain condition, commonly abbreviated "D.C.C.," is the dual notion of the ascending chain condition. The descending chain condition for a partially ordered set ...

A useful determinant identity allows the following determinant to be expressed using vector operations, |x_1 y_1 z_1 1; x_2 y_2 z_2 1; x_3 y_3 z_3 1; x_4 y_4 z_4 ...

Consider the length of the diagonal of a unit square as approximated by piecewise linear steps that may only be taken in the right and up directions. Obviously, the length so ...

Any lemma on commutative diagrams. It can give relations between maps (as in the five lemma) or tell how to construct new diagrams from old ones (as in the snake lemma).

Differential entropy differs from normal or absolute entropy in that the random variable need not be discrete. Given a continuous random variable X with a probability density ...

A differential equation is an equation that involves the derivatives of a function as well as the function itself. If partial derivatives are involved, the equation is called ...

An unlabeled transitive digraph with n nodes is called a "topology." The numbers of distinct topologies on n=1, 2, ... nodes are 1, 3, 9, 33, 139, 718, 4535, ... (OEIS ...