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A multiple of a number x is any quantity y=nx with n an integer. If x and y are integers, then x is called a factor of y. The smallest positive number m for which there exist ...

For b>a>0, 1/b<(lnb-lna)/(b-a)<1/a.

The symbol ¬ used to denote the negation operation ("NOT") in symbolic logic, also called "logical not."

The number of "arrangements" in an ordering of n items is given by either a combination (order is ignored) or a permutation (order is significant). An ordering (or order) is ...

Given a pair of orthologic triangles, the point where the perpendiculars from the vertices of the first to the sides of the second concur and the point where the ...

A slightly archaic term for a computer-generated random number. The prefix pseudo- is used to distinguish this type of number from a "truly" random number generated by a ...

A sum which includes both the Jacobi triple product and the q-binomial theorem as special cases. Ramanujan's sum is ...

A statistical distribution in which the variates occur with probabilities asymptotically matching their "true" underlying statistical distribution is said to be random.

A semiprime, also called a 2-almost prime, biprime (Conway et al. 2008), or pq-number, is a composite number that is the product of two (possibly equal) primes. The first few ...

Two triangles are similar if their triples of vertex angles are the same.